Reference List

Textbooks, journal articles, and image sources referenced in the development of OB/GYN Sonography course materials.

References & General Sources

Abuhamad, A. (2022). A Practical Guide to Fetal Echocardiography: Normal and Abnormal Hearts. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Abuhamad, A., & Chaoui, R. (2018). First trimester ultrasound diagnosis of fetal abnormalities. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer.
Adewole VA, Wright NJ, Hallows R, Davenport M. Antenatally detected cystic biliary atresia: differential diagnoses of a double bubble. Springerplus. 2014; 3: 368.
Ahmadi F, Keramat N, Haghighi H. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility. 2012 Jul-Sep; 6(2): 135-136.
Ahmadi F, Siahbazi S, Akhbari F, et al. Hysterosalpingography finding in intra uterine adhesion (Asherman's syndrome): a pictorial essay. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility. 2013 Oct-Dec; 7(3): 155-160.
Ahmadi F, Akhbari F, Rashidi Z, Hemmat M. Endometrial Adenocarcinoma in A 31-Year Old Woman: A Case Report. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility. 2015 Jul-Sep; 9(2): 261-264.
Alorainy IA, Barlas NB, Al-Boukai AA. Pictorial Essay: Infants of diabetic mothers. Indian Journal of Radiology Imaging. 2010 Aug; 20(3): 174-181.
AIUM Practice Parameter for the Performance of Detailed Diagnostic Obstetric Ultrasound Examinations Between 12 Weeks 0 Days and 13 Weeks 6 Days. (2020). Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 40(5). doi:10.1002/jum.15477
AIUM Practice Parameter for the Performance of a Focused Ultrasound Examination in Reproductive Endocrinology and Female Infertility. (2019). Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 38(3). doi:10.1002/jum.14952
AIUM-ACR-ACOG-SMFM-SRU Practice Parameter for the Performance of Standard Diagnostic Obstetric Ultrasound Examinations. (2018). Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 37(11). doi:10.1002/jum.14831
AIUM Practice Parameter for the Performance of Sonohysterography and Hysterosalpingo-Contrast Sonography. (2021). Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 40(5). doi:10.1002/jum.15670
AIUM Practice Parameter for the Performance of an Ultrasound Examination of the Female Pelvis. (2020). Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 39(5). doi:10.1002/jum.15205
American Heart Association. Highlights of the 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for CPR and ECC. heart.org.
Ansert, S. L. (2011). Textbook of diagnostic ultrasonography (7th ed.). St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby Elsevier.
Ansert, S. L. (2017). Textbook of diagnostic ultrasonography (8th ed.). St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby Elsevier.
Ansert, S. L. (2022). Textbook of diagnostic ultrasonography (9th ed.). St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby Elsevier.
Athanatos D, Tsakalidis C, Tampakoudis GP, et al. Cases Journal. 2009; 2: 8404.
Azahouani A, Balahcen M. Juvenile granulosa tumor of the ovary: report of a case. Pan Afr Med J 2015.
Babic I, Tulbah M, Kurdi W. Antenatal embolization of a large placental chorioangioma: a case report. Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2012; 6: 183.
Balakumar K, Misha K. Ectopia cordis with endocardial cushion defect: Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis with autopsy correlation. Annals of Pediatric Cardiology. 2010 Jul-Dec; 3(2): 166-168.
Bano S, Chaudhary V, Pande S, et al. Color doppler evaluation of cerebral-umbilical pulsatility ratio and its usefulness in the diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation and prediction of adverse perinatal outcome. Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging. 2010 Feb; 20(1): 20-25.
Benacerraf, B. R. (2007). Ultrasound of fetal syndromes (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone.
Bejjanki, H., Koratala, A. The TIE fighter sign on point of care ultrasonography. CEN Case Rep 9, 91-93 (2020). doi.org/10.1007/s13730-019-00428-x
Bluth, E. I. (2008). Ultrasound: a practical approach to clinical problems (2nd ed.). New York: Thieme.
Bramante R, Radomski M, Nelson M, Raio C. Appendicitis Diagnosed by Emergency Physician Performed Point-of-Care Transvaginal Ultrasound: Case Series. West J Emerg Med. 2013 Sep; 14(5): 415-418.
Brown D L, Dudiak K M, Laing F C. Adnexal masses: US characterization and reporting. Radiology 2010;254:342-354.
Callen, P. W. (2016). Ultrasonography in obstetrics and gynecology (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders.
Chaubal NG, Chaubal J. Fetal echocardiography. Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging. 2009 Feb; 19(1): 60-68.
Chandramouly M. Case series: TRAP sequence. Indian Journal of Radiology Imaging. 2009 Feb; 19(1): 81-83.
Chavhan GB, Shroff MM. Twenty classic signs in neuroradiology: A pictorial essay. Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging. 2009 May; 19(2): 135-145.
Chitty LS, Khalil A, Barrett AN, et al. Safe, accurate, prenatal diagnosis of thanatophoric dysplasia using ultrasound and free fetal DNA. Prenatal Diagnosis. 2013 May; 33(5): 416-423.
Chudleigh, P., & Thilaganathan, B. (2004). Obstetric ultrasound how, why, and when (3rd ed.). Edinburgh: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone.
Contraction Stress Test. (2012). WebMD. webmd.com. Nov. 2013.
Corral E, Barrios A, Isnard M, et al. Prenatal Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Detection of Adducted Thumbs in X-Linked Hydrocephaly: Two Case Reports with Molecular Genetic Studies. Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2015; 2015: 561713.
Curry, R. (2015). Sonography: Introduction to normal structure and function (4th ed.). St Louis: Saunders.
DeJong, M. R. Jr, RDMS, RDCS, RVT. The Use of Ultrasound in Biopsies and Procedures. eradimaging.com.
De Keersmaecker B, Claus F, De Catte L. Imaging the fetal central nervous system. Facts, Views and Vision of OBGYN. 2011; 3(3): 135-149.
Doubilet, P. M., & Benson, C. B. (2003). Atlas of ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Drezett J, Kurobe FC, Nobumoto CT, et al. Hydatidiform mole resulting from sexual violence. Int Arch Med. 2012; 5: 8.
Edelman, S. K. (2005). Understanding ultrasound physics (3rd ed.). Woodlands, Tex.: ESP.
Gabbe, S. G., Niebyl, J. R., Simpson, J. L., et al. (2016). Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies (7th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier.
Garg MK. Case report: Upper neck pouch sign in the antenatal diagnosis of esophageal atresia. Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging. 2009 Aug; 19(3): 252-254.
Goldstein, R.B. et al. Evaluation of the woman with postmenopausal bleeding: Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 2001; 20:1025-1036.
Goncharenko VM, Beniuk VA, Kalenska OV, et al. Predictive diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia and personalized therapeutic strategy in women of fertile age. The EPMA Journal. 2013; 4(1): 24.
B GR, Ramamurthy B. Pictorial essay: MRI of the fetal brain. Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging. 2009 Feb; 19(1): 69-74.
Gupta AO, Leblanc P, Janumpally KC, Tanya P. A preterm infant with semilobar holoprosencephaly and hydrocephalus: a case report. Cases Journal. 2010; 3: 35.
Henningsen, C., Kuntz, K., & Youngs, D. (2014). Clinical Guide to Sonography: Exercises for Critical Thinking (2nd ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier.
Hickey, J. (1996). Ultrasound review of obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven.
Intrauterine Fetal Blood Transfusion for Rh Disease. WebMD. webmd.com. Nov. 2013.
Hsayaoui N, Mbarki C, Melliti S, et al. Osteogenesis imperfecta: report of a case. The Pan African Journal. 2015; 21: 83.
Jayakrishnan K, Anupama R, Koshy A, Raju R. Endometrial carcinoma in a young subfertile woman with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences. 2010 Jan-Apr; 3(1): 38-41.
Jutur PS, Kumar CP, Goroshi S. Short rib polydactyly syndrome - type 2 (Majewski syndrome). Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging. 2010 May; 20(2): 138-142.
Kamaya, A., & Wong-You-Cheong, J. (2022). Diagnostic ultrasound: Abdomen and pelvis. Elsevier.
Karadag, B., Erol, O., Ozdemir, O., et al. (2016). Successful Treatment of Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation due to Uterine Trauma. Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2016, 1-3. doi:10.1155/2016/1890650
Kawamura, D., & Lunsford, B. (2012). Diagnostic Medical Sonography (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Kelekci S, Aydogmus S, Aydogmus H, et al. Ineffectual Medical Treatment of Cesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancy With Systemic Methotrexate: A Report of Two Cases. Journal of Investigating Medicine High Impact Case Reports. 2014 Jan-Mar; 2(1): 2324709614528903.
Kim DW, Chung SW, Jung HD, Jung YS. Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of cleft lip with or without cleft palate; pitfalls and considerations. Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2015 Dec; 37(1): 24.
Kinare A. Fetal environment. Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging. 2008 Nov; 18(4): 326-344.
Kremkau, F. W. (2005). Diagnostic ultrasound: principles and instruments (7th ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
Kremkau, F. W. (2020). Diagnostic ultrasound: principles and instruments (8th ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
Kroes I, Janssens S, Defoort P. Ultrasound features in trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) and trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome) in a consecutive series of 47 cases. Facts, Views & Vision in OBGYN. 2014; 6(4): 245-249.
Laabadi K, Alaoui FZ, Jayi S, et al. Tuberculous endometritis: about a case and review of the literature. Pan African Medical Journal. 2013; 16: 94.
Liu W, Zhang H, Wang J, et al. Prenatal diagnosis of complete maternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 4 in a fetus without congenital abnormality or inherited disease-associated variations. Molecular Cytogenetics. 2015; 8: 85.
Manero MG, Royo P, Olartecoechea B, Alcazar JL. Endometriosis in a postmenopausal woman without previous hormonal therapy: a case report. Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2009; 3: 135.
Marci R, Marcucci I, Marcucci AA, et al. Hysterosalpingocontrast sonography (HyCoSy): evaluation of the pain perception, side effects and complications. BMC Medical Imaging. 2013; 13: 28.
Marshall, S. External Cephalic Version for Breech Position. (2011). WebMD. webmd.com. Jan. 2014.
Manzoor, I. (2020). Sonographic Presentation Of Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM). Non Invasive Vascular Investigation, 5(1), 1-6. doi:10.24966/nivi-7400/100018
Miele, F. R. (2022). Ultrasound physics and instrumentation (6th ed.). Miele Enterprises.
Moise, K. J., Deter, R. L., Kirshon, B., et al. Intravenous Pancuronium Bromide for Fetal Neuromuscular Blockade During Intrauterine Transfusion for Red-Cell Alloimmunization. Obstetric Anesthesia Digest (1990); 44. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Nov. 2013.
Middleton, W. D., & Hertzberg, B. S. (2016). Ultrasound: The requisites (3rd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier.
Moore, G. W. Common Ultrasound Probe Failures. faculty.pnc.edu. July 2013.
Morokuma S, Anami A, Tsukimori K, et al. Abnormal fetal movements, micrognathia and pulmonary hypoplasia: a case report. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2010; 10: 46.
Murthy BR. Prenatal diagnosis of fetal syndromes. Indian Journal of Radiology Imaging. 2008 Nov; 18(4): 345-349.
Neuhausser WM, Baxi LV. A close call: does the location of incision at cesarean delivery matter in patients with vasa previa? A case report. F1000 Research. 2013; 2: 267.
Niknejadi M, Ahmadi F, Akhbari F, Afsharian P. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility. 2014 Jan-Mar; 7(4): 349-352.
Niknejadi M, Akhbari F, Niknejad F, et al. Comparison of two dimensional and live three dimensional ultrasounds for the diagnosis of septated uterus. Iran Journal of Reproductive Medicine. 2014 Aug; 12(8): 547-554.
Nyberg, D. (2003). Diagnostic imaging of fetal anomalies. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Ome M, Wangnapi R, Hamura N, et al. BMC Pediatrics. 2013; 13: 70.
Porpora MG, Tomao F, Manganaro L, et al. Impaired uterine artery flow associated with the presence of ovarian endometrioma: preliminary results of a prospective study. Journal of Ovarian Research 2014; 7: 1.
Praveen, J., & Weerakkody, Y. Cogwheel Sign in Pelvic Imaging. Radiopaedia. radiopaedia.org. Dec. 2013.
Raine-Fenning N, Fleischer AC. Clarifying the role of three-dimensional transvaginal sonography in reproductive medicine: an evidenced-based appraisal. J Exp Clin Assist Reprod. 2005; 2: 10.
Riteau AS, Tassin M, Chambon G, et al. Accuracy of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of placenta accreta. PLoS One. 2014; 9(4): e94866.
Rumack, C. M., Wilson, S. R., & Charboneau, J. W. (2011). Diagnostic ultrasound (4th ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby.
Rumack, C. M., Wilson, S. R., & Charboneau, J. W. (2017). Diagnostic ultrasound (5th ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby.
Rumack, C. M., Wilson, S. R., & Charboneau, J. W. (2023). Diagnostic ultrasound (6th ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby.
Saadi H, Banani A. Antenatal diagnosis of iniencephaly. The Pan African Medical Journal. 2015; 20: 194.
Sahinoglu Z, Cerrah Celayir A, Resit Asoglu M, Ozcan N. Type IV Sacrococcygeal Teratoma Associated with Urogenital Sinus: Difficulties in the Prenatal Differential Diagnosis. Journal of Neonatal Surgery. 2013 Jan-Mar; 2(1): 9.
Sanders, R. (2007). Clinical sonography: A practical guide (4th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven.
Sarfati J, Bouvattier C, Bry-Gauillard H, et al. Kallmann syndrome with FGFR1 and KAL1 mutations detected during fetal life. Orphanet Journal of Rare Disease. 2015; 10: 71.
Sargin MA, Tug N, Yassa M, Yavuz A. Prenatal screening tests may be a warning for the partial molar pregnancy? case report. Pan African Medical Journal. 2015; 20: 323.
Sayasneh A, Ekechi C, Ferrara L, et al. The characteristic ultrasound features of specific types of ovarian pathology (review). Int. J. Oncol. 2014.
Selvaraj P, Selvaraj K, Agrawal M, Singh G. Congenital malformation of fetus in a pregnancy following spontaneous ovulation in a case of premature ovarian failure. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences. 2010 Jan-Apr; 3(1): 35-37.
Shanbhogue A K P, Shanbhogue D K P, Prasad S R, et al. Clinical syndromes associated with ovarian neoplasms: a comprehensive review. Radiographics 2010;30:903-919.
Shapiro JR, Lietman C, Grover M, Lu JT, et al. Phenotypic variability of osteogenesis imperfecta type V caused by an IFITM5 mutation. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 2013 Jul; 28(7): 1523-1530.
Siegel, M. (2002). Pediatric sonography (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Sickel, E., Fp Vandenbussche, and D. Oepkes, Et Al. (2002). Amniotic Fluid Delta OD 450 Values Accurately Predict Severe Fetal Anemia in D-alloimmunization. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Nov. 2013.
Stephenson, S. R. (2012). Diagnostic medical sonography obstetrics and gynecology (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Stephenson, S. R., & Dmitrieva, J. (2018). Diagnostic medical sonography obstetrics and gynecology (4th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health.
Stephenson, S. R., & Dmitrieva, J. (2022). Diagnostic medical sonography obstetrics and gynecology (5th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health.
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Sources for Images & Diagrams

OBGYN Reference Site. Web. Spring 2020. thefetus.net
OBGYN Reference Site. Web. Fall 2009, Spring 2010, Spring 2013. centrus.com.br
OBGYN Reference Site. Web. Fall 2011, Spring 2013. obgyn.net
OBGYN Reference Site. Web. Spring 2013. gynaecologist4u.com
Radiology Information Site. Web. Spring 2009, Fall 2011. radiologyassistant.nl
Ultrasound image gallery. Web. Spring 2009, Fall 2011. ultrasound-images.com
Ultrasound image gallery. Web. Spring 2013. ultrasoundcases.info
Wikimedia Foundation. Web. Fall 2008, Fall 2011. wikimedia.com
Wikipedia. Web. Fall 2008. wikipedia.com
All other images and diagrams were personally created, donated or in the creative commons or public domain.